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	<title>Watching Our Water Ways &#187; Pollution and spills</title>
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	<description>Environmental reporter Christopher Dunagan discusses the challenges of protecting Puget Sound and all things water-related.</description>
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		<title>Amusing Monday: Toilet songs for the holidays</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/12/19/amusing-monday-toilet-songs-for-the-holidays/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/12/19/amusing-monday-toilet-songs-for-the-holidays/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:16:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Humor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On writing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Clean Water Services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gayle Leonard]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[music]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[O Christmas Grease]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sewer songs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wastewater]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water pollution]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9785</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Knowing more than a few sewer operators in my day, I can tell you that their leading pet peeve is all the stuff that people dump down their toilets and drains. I’ll never forget the courtroom description of a giant “rag ball” — some 30 feet long — found in Bremerton’s sewer. Rag balls are [...]]]></description>
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<p>Knowing more than a few sewer operators in my day, I can tell
you that their leading pet peeve is all the stuff that people dump
down their toilets and drains.</p>
<p>I’ll never forget the courtroom description of a giant “rag
ball” — some 30 feet long — found in Bremerton’s sewer. Rag balls
are the accumulation of diapers, tampons and baby wipes that get
flushed down the toilet and become caught somewhere in the sewer
lines.</p>
<p>Bremerton’s famous rag ball became wrapped up in courtroom
testimony during a lawsuit against a sewer contractor hired by the
city to run the operation. For details, check out my story from
<a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/1998/apr/01/rag-ball-testimony-breaks-courtroom/">
April of 1998.</a></p>
<div id="attachment_9838" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 160px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/Steve-Anderson.jpg">
<img src=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/Steve-Anderson.jpg"
alt="" title="Steve Anderson" width="150" height="159" class=
"size-full wp-image-9838"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>Steve Anderson</em></p>
</div>
<p>What I really wanted to share with you this week is a song
called “O Christmas Grease” by Steve Anderson, a water resources
analyst at Clean Water Services. This is the agency that manages
wastewater and stormwater in a 12-city region west of Portland,
Ore.</p>
<p>Steve often writes music and performs in a band when he’s not
working at the utility. He told me that he started writing original
songs as well as parodies of existing tunes to entertain his fellow
water experts at conferences. Last week, for example, he showed up
at a conference to help educators decide whether humor is useful in
educating people about wastewater issues.</p>
<p>Steve says the public-education folks at Clean Water Services
tolerates his songs, but they do not fully embrace his activities.
His first song — a parody about the low levels of drugs that make
it through the treatment process — got him into a little hot water
with some folks in the business. “Dope in the Water” is sung to the
tune of the Deep Purple original.</p>
<p>“The Ballad of Betty Poop” was written as a kid’s song for
Take-Your-Children-to-Work Day. It’s about the adventures of a
plastic GI Joe and other characters. It includes these famous
lines: “Give it up, you toilet treasures… You’ll never make it all
the way to the river…”</p>
<p>Steve has not released these songs to the public, though he
readily shares them with friends and anyone who will listen. I must
thank Gayle Leonard, who writes a blog called <a href=
"http://blog.gayleleonard.com/2011/12/h2o-mp3-o-christmas-grease/">“Thirsty
in Suburbia,”</a> for bringing Steve’s songs out into the light and
putting me in touch with this creative force in the sewer
world.</p>
<div style=
"font-size:14px; line-height:22px !important; margin:0 !important;">
<span id="playpause_wrap_mp3j_0" class="wrap_inline_mp3j" style=
"font-weight:700;"><span class="group_wrap"><span class=
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"T_mp3j_0"></span><span class="indi_mp3j" id=
"indi_mp3j_0"></span></span><span class="buttons_mp3j" id=
"playpause_mp3j_0">&nbsp;</span></span></div>
<div style=
"font-size:14px; line-height:22px !important; margin:0 !important;">
<span id="playpause_wrap_mp3j_1" class="wrap_inline_mp3j" style=
"font-weight:700;"><span class="group_wrap"><span class=
"bars_mp3j"><span class="loadB_mp3j" id=
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"T_mp3j_1"></span><span class="indi_mp3j" id=
"indi_mp3j_1"></span></span><span class="buttons_mp3j" id=
"playpause_mp3j_1">&nbsp;</span></span></div>
<div style=
"font-size:14px; line-height:22px !important; margin:0 !important;">
<span id="playpause_wrap_mp3j_2" class="wrap_inline_mp3j" style=
"font-weight:700;"><span class="group_wrap"><span class=
"bars_mp3j"><span class="loadB_mp3j" id=
"load_mp3j_2"></span><span class="posbarB_mp3j" id=
"posbar_mp3j_2"></span></span><span class="T_mp3j" id=
"T_mp3j_2"></span><span class="indi_mp3j" id=
"indi_mp3j_2"></span></span><span class="buttons_mp3j" id=
"playpause_mp3j_2">&nbsp;</span></span></div>
<div style=
"font-size:14px; line-height:22px !important; margin:0 !important;">
<span id="playpause_wrap_mp3j_3" class="wrap_inline_mp3j" style=
"font-weight:700;"><span class="group_wrap"><span class=
"bars_mp3j"><span class="loadB_mp3j" id=
"load_mp3j_3"></span><span class="posbarB_mp3j" id=
"posbar_mp3j_3"></span></span><span class="T_mp3j" id=
"T_mp3j_3"></span><span class="indi_mp3j" id=
"indi_mp3j_3"></span></span><span class="buttons_mp3j" id=
"playpause_mp3j_3">&nbsp;</span></span></div>
<div style=
"font-size:14px; line-height:22px !important; margin:0 !important;">
<span id="playpause_wrap_mp3j_4" class="wrap_inline_mp3j" style=
"font-weight:700;"><span class="group_wrap"><span class=
"bars_mp3j"><span class="loadB_mp3j" id=
"load_mp3j_4"></span><span class="posbarB_mp3j" id=
"posbar_mp3j_4"></span></span><span class="T_mp3j" id=
"T_mp3j_4"></span><span class="indi_mp3j" id=
"indi_mp3j_4"></span></span><span class="buttons_mp3j" id=
"playpause_mp3j_4">&nbsp;</span></span></div>
<h4><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/Lyrics.pdf">Download
the lyrics to all five songs (PDF 72 kb)<br></a></h4>
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		<item>
		<title>Let&#8217;s keep an eye on the shellfish initiative</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/12/16/lets-keep-an-eye-on-the-shellfish-initiative/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/12/16/lets-keep-an-eye-on-the-shellfish-initiative/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Dec 2011 06:55:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Benthic organisms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Business and industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Planning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Puget Sound]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Recreation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shellfish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shorelines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waterfront residents]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aquaculture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental issues in Puget Sound]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geoduck]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kitsap County Health District]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oyster]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Seafood]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9767</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It is interesting to contemplate how the new National Shellfish Initiative, announced in June, and the Washington Shellfish Initiative, announced last week, could change things in Puget Sound. As I described in a story I wrote for last Saturday’s Kitsap Sun, the principal goals are these: Rebuild native Olympia oyster and pinto abalone populations. Increase [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is interesting to contemplate how the new National Shellfish
Initiative, announced in June, and the Washington Shellfish
Initiative, announced last week, could change things in Puget
Sound.</p>
<div id="attachment_9769" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 310px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/Morgan.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/Morgan-300x268.jpg"
alt="" title="Morgan" width="300" height="268" class=
"size-medium wp-image-9769"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>Newton Morgan of the Kitsap County
Health District collects a dye packet from Lofall Creek in December
of 2010. This kind of legwork may be the key to tracking down
pollution in Puget Sound.</em><br>
<small>Kitsap Sun photo by Meegan Reid</small></p>
</div>
<p>As I described in a story I wrote for last <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/dec/09/state-federal-governments-work-together-to/">
Saturday’s Kitsap Sun,</a> the principal goals are these:</p>
<ul>
<li>Rebuild native Olympia oyster and pinto abalone
populations.</li>
<li>Increase access to public tidelands for recreational shellfish
harvesting.</li>
<li>Research ways to increase commercial shellfish production
without harming the environment.</li>
<li>Improve permitting at county, state and federal levels.</li>
<li>Evaluate how well filter-feeding clams and oysters can reduce
nitrogen pollution, with possible incentives for private shellfish
cultivation.</li>
</ul>
<p>To read more about the initiatives, check out:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.psp.wa.gov/shellfish.php">Washington
Shellfish Initiative,<br></a></li>
<li><a href=
"http://www.governor.wa.gov/news/shellfish_white_paper_20111209.pdf">
A White paper on the state’s initiative (PDF 176 kb),<br></a></li>
<li><a href=
"http://aquaculture.noaa.gov/funding/grants.html">National Marine
Aquaculture Initiative<br></a></li>
<li><a href=
"http://aquaculture.noaa.gov/pdf/noaa_aquaculture_policy_2011.pdf">National
Aquaculture Policy (PDF 64 kb)<br></a></li>
<li><a href=
"http://aquaculture.noaa.gov/us/shellfish_initiative.html?url=http://www.psp.wa.gov/shellfish.php">
National Shellfish Initiative<br></a></li>
</ul>
<p>One of the most encouraging things is an attempt to expand
Kitsap County’s Pollution Identification and Correction (PIC)
Program to other counties, with increased funding for cleaning up
the waters. Check out the story I wrote for <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/dec/08/state-adopts-kitsaps-pollution-program/">
last Friday’s Kitsap Sun,</a> in which I describe the
search-and-destroy mission against bacterial pollution.</p>
<p>As most Water Ways readers know, I’ve been following the ongoing
monitoring and cleanup effort by the Kitsap County Health District
for years with the help of Keith Grellner, Stuart Whitford, Shawn
Ultican and many others in the district’s <a href=
"http://www.kitsapcountyhealth.com/environmenta_health/water_quality/wq_index.htm">
water quality program.</a> In fact, just two weeks ago, I discussed
what could be a turnaround for a chronic pollution problem in
Lofall Creek, a problem that has taken much perseverance to
resolve. (<a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/dec/02/waters-in-lofall-creek-may-be-on-the-mend/">See
Kitsap Sun, Dec. 2.</a>) Unfortunately, the story is far from
over.</p>
<p>I’ve talked about the importance of old-fashioned legwork in
tracking down pollution, and I’ve suggested that other local
governments use some of their stormwater fees or implement such
fees for monitoring of their local waters. See <a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/06/30/watching-the-water-quality-report-cards/">
Water Ways, June 30,</a> for example.</p>
<p>Water free of fecal pollution has benefits for humans and other
aquatic creatures. Thankfully, Washington State Department of
Health’s <a href=
"http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/sf/default.htm">shellfish program</a> is
careful about checking areas for signs of sewage before certifying
them as safe for shellfish harvesting. Maybe the new shellfish
initiative will allow the state to open beds that have been closed
for years. That’s what happened in Yukon Harbor, where more than
900 acres of shellfish beds were reopened in 2008. (See <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2008/sep/25/yukon-harbor-deemed-safe-for-shellfish/">
Kitsap Sun, Sept. 25, 2008</a>).</p>
<p>Certifying areas as safe for shellfish harvesting means that
waterfront property owners are safe to enjoy the bounty of their
own beaches. It also offers an opportunity for commercial growers
to make money and contribute to the state’s economy.</p>
<p>Of course, this does not mean that intensive shellfish-growing
operations ought to be expanded to every clean corner of Puget
Sound, any more than large-scale crop farming or timber harvesting
should be allowed to take over the entire landscape.</p>
<p>Some environmentalists have expressed concern that the
Washington Shellfish Initiative could become a boondoggle for
commercial shellfish growers. Laura Hendricks of the Sierra Club’s
Marine Ecosystem Campaign sent me an e-mail noting these concerns
about the expansion of aquaculture:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“Washington State has more native species listed as endangered
than any other state in the USA. We see no mention of the adverse
impacts in this initiative on nearshore habitat, birds and juvenile
salmon.</p>
<p>“Governor Gregoire and the various speakers failed to mention
that ALL of the pending shoreline aquaculture applications they
want to ‘streamline’ are for industrial geoduck aquaculture, not
oysters. Red tape is not what is delaying these applications…</p>
<p>“Shellfish industry lobbyists who pushed for this expansion are
silent on the following three serious threats to our fisheries
resources, forage fish, birds and salmon:</p>
<p>“1. Shellfish consume fisheries resources (zooplankton —
fish/crab eggs and larvae) according to peer reviewed studies. A
DNR study documented that forage fish eggs did not just stay buried
high on the beach, but were found in the nearshore water column.
Continuing to allow expansion of unnatural high densities of
filtering shellfish in the intertidal “nursery,” puts our fisheries
resources at risk.</p>
<p>“2. The shellfish growers place tons of plastics into Puget
Sound in order to expand aquaculture where it does not naturally
grow…</p>
<p>3. Mussel rafts are documented to reduce dissolved oxygen
essential for fish and are known in Totten Inlet to be covered in
invasive tunicates with beggiatoa bacteria found underneath…”</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Ashley Ahearn of KUOW interviewed Laura Hendricks, and you can
hear her report on <a href=
"http://earthfix.opb.org/water/article/whats-wrong-with-governor-gregoires-washington-sta/">
EarthFix.</a></p>
<p><iframe align="right" width="420" height="315" src=
"http://www.youtube.com/embed/lC1IjM45UbU" frameborder="0"
allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p>
<p>In her e-mail, Laura recommended the video at right. She also
pointed to a blog entry by Alf Hanna of <a href=
"http://olyopen.wordpress.com/2011/12/10/the-new-walrus-and-the-carpenter-yesterday-in-shelton/">
Olympic Peninsula Environmental News.</a> Hanna suggests that
environmental advocates who go along with commercial aquaculture
may become the oysters that get eaten in Lewis Carroll’s poem
<a href="http://www.jabberwocky.com/carroll/walrus.html">“The
Walrus and the Carpenter.”</a></p>
<p>Have intensive shellfish farms in Puget Sound gone too far in
their efforts to exploit the natural resources of our beaches? Can
shellfish farmers make money without undue damage to the
environment? Which practices are acceptable, which ones should be
banned, and which areas are appropriate for different types of
aquaculture?</p>
<p>It would have been nice if these answers were known long ago,
and in some cases they are. But at least this new shellfish
initiative recognizes that more research is needed to answer many
remaining questions. Research is under way in Washington state on
geoduck farming, which involves planting oyster seed in plastic
tubes embedded into the beach. Review <a href=
"http://wsg.washington.edu/research/geoduck/Geoduck_LiteratureReview.pdf">
“Effects of Geoduck Aquaculture on the Environment: A Synthesis of
Current Knowledge” (PDF 712 kb)</a> or visit <a href=
"http://wsg.washington.edu/research/geoduck/index.html">Washington
Sea Grant.</a></p>
<p>Other research in our region is needed as well, although it is
clear that environmental trade-offs will be part of the deal
whenever commercial interests cross paths with natural systems. For
a discussion about this issue, check out the executive summary of
the NOAA-funded publication <a href=
"http://seagrant.uconn.edu/publications/aquaculture/execsumm.pdf">Shellfish
Aquaculture and the Environment (PDF 4.2 mb),</a> edited by Sandra
E. Shumway.</p>
<p>Needless to say, we’ll be keeping an eye on this process for
years to come.</p>
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		<title>Studies look at effects of stormwater on salmon</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/12/06/studies-look-at-effects-of-stormwater-on-salmon/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/12/06/studies-look-at-effects-of-stormwater-on-salmon/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:57:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Salmon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stormwater]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Streams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coho salmon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[copper]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[David Baldwin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Northwest Fisheries Science Center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Steve Damm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[urban pollution]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9702</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It’s the water, or maybe it’s just the nasty stuff that’s in the water. A new series of studies by federal researchers is delving into the question of which pollutants in urban streams are killing coho salmon. As I describe in a story in today’s Kitsap Sun, the new studies involve coho returning to the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It’s the water, or maybe it’s just the nasty stuff that’s in the
water.</p>
<p>A new series of studies by federal researchers is delving into
the question of which pollutants in urban streams are killing coho
salmon.</p>
<div id="attachment_9710" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 310px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/soup.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/12/soup-199x300.jpg"
alt="" title="soup" width="300" height="450" class=
"size-medium wp-image-9710"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>David Baldwin of Northwest Fisheries
Science Center mixes a chemical soup of pollutants found in urban
stormwater. Coho salmon will be kept in the brown bath for 24 hours
to measure the effects.</em><br>
<small>Photo by Tiffany Royal, Northwest Indian Fisheries
Commission</small></p>
</div>
<p>As I describe in a story in <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/dec/05/study-of-urban-pollution-under-way-in-north/">
today’s Kitsap Sun,</a> the new studies involve coho returning to
the Suquamish Tribe’s Grovers Creek Hatchery in North Kitsap.</p>
<p>Of course, pollutants in streams are just one factor affecting
salmon in the Puget Sound region, where development continues to
alter streamflows and reduce vegetation, despite efforts to protect
and restore habitat. But pollution may play a role that has gone
largely unnoticed in some streams.</p>
<p>The new studies continue an investigation that began more than a
decade ago with the involvement of numerous agencies. By now, most
of us have heard about the effects of copper on salmon, but the
latest round of studies will look at the collection of pollutants
found in stormwater to see how they work together. It may be
possible to pinpoint the chemical concentrations that result in
critical physiological changes in salmon.</p>
<p>The latest work involves a team led by David Baldwin of NOAA
Fisheries and Steve Damm of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The
Suquamish Tribe is providing the fish, along with facilities and
support.</p>
<p>For information on the ongoing effort to understand how toxic
chemicals affect salmon, review these pages on the website of the
Northwest Fisheries Science Center:</p>
<p><a href=
"http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/research/divisions/ec/ecotox/fishneurobiology/acutedieoffs.cfm">
<strong>Acute die-offs of adult coho salmon  returning to spawn in
restored urban streams</strong></a></p>
<p><a href=
"http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/research/divisions/ec/ecotox/fishneurobiology/copperimpacts.cfm">
<strong>The impacts of dissolved copper on olfactory  function in
juvenile coho salmon</strong></a></p>
<p><a href=
"http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/research/divisions/ec/ecotox/fishneurobiology/mechanosensory.cfm">
<strong>Mechanosensory impacts of non-point source pollutants in
fish</strong></a></p>
<p><a href=
"http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/research/divisions/ec/ecotox/fishneurobiology/cardio.cfm">
<strong>Cardiovascular defects in fish embryos exposed  to
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</strong></a></p>
<p>A page called <a href=
"http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/research/divisions/ec/ecotox/movies/cohopsm.cfm">
<strong>“Coho Pre-spawn Mortality in Urban Streams”</strong></a>
presents a series of videos that show the advance of an apparent
neurological disease that first causes disorientation in coho
salmon and then death. The video is taken in Seattle’s Longfellow
Creek, an urban stream.</p>
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		<title>More results, more questions found in toxic studies</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/11/04/more-results-more-questions-found-in-toxic-studies/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/11/04/more-results-more-questions-found-in-toxic-studies/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 05 Nov 2011 01:00:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Business and industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Planning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Puget Sound]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sea life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sediments]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stormwater]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brake pad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chemicals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[creosote]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[harmful chemicals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[toxic chemicals]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9449</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Five years of studies and analysis have helped refine our understanding about the toxic pollution getting into the streams of Puget Sound and eventually into the open marine waters. The final report in the series was released yesterday, prompting a story I wrote for today’s Kitsap Sun. When accounting for all the pollution, it’s not [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Five years of studies and analysis have helped refine our
understanding about the toxic pollution getting into the streams of
Puget Sound and eventually into the open marine waters.</p>
<div id="attachment_9453" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 241px"><a href=
"http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/1103055.pdf"><img src=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/11/toxic-231x300.jpg"
alt="" title="toxic" width="231" height="300" class=
"size-medium wp-image-9453"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>The latest study on toxic chemicals
(PDF 3.1 mb) Click on image to download</em></p>
</div>
<p>The final report in the series was released yesterday, prompting
a story I wrote for <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/nov/03/report-focuses-on-toxics-in-puget-sound/">
today’s Kitsap Sun.</a></p>
<p>When accounting for all the pollution, it’s not surprising to
learn that the sources of toxic chemicals are so diverse that it is
difficult to figure out where everything is coming from. But we do
know that if chemicals are picked up in stormwater, they are likely
to make their way into freshwater, where they pose short-term or
long-term risks to aquatic organisms.</p>
<p>The solutions are common sense, if one can be assured of the
sources of harmful chemicals:</p>
<ol>
<li>Remove materials from the environment if they are found to
release toxic pollution. This can involve a legal ban on certain
products or else educating people to select less toxic
alternatives.</li>
<li>Reduce the amount of stormwater that flows into streams by
infiltrating rainwater into the ground before it leaves the site.
This “low-impact development” can include permeable pavement, rain
gardens and even natural forests where a thick organic carpet has
been retained.</li>
<li>Clean sediment out of storm drains and sweep up the dust on
city streets and other areas where toxic chemicals are likely to
reside in metallic form or be bound to soil particles. Safely
dispose of these materials. When the rains arrive, there won’t be
much left to wash into streams.</li>
</ol>
<p>While all this sounds simple enough, the issue gets complicated
when trying to decide which products to ban and when to recommend
that people voluntarily stop using certain items. Alternative
products may cost more, which tends to raise questions among users.
Also, manufacturers and retailers are not likely to give up selling
profitable products without a fight.</p>
<p>Further complicating the situation is the scientific uncertainty
surrounding the alleged harm when someone declares a product not
good for the environment. Such uncertainty inevitably sparks
scientific, economic and policy debate about whether the proposed
action is justified.</p>
<p>For example, the Washington Legislature approved a ban on
automobile brake pads containing certain levels of copper. Brake
pads are believed to release enough copper to harm salmon in some
urban streams. But the metallic form of copper found in brake pads
is not toxic until it is converted to an ionic form. How much gets
converted in the environment is still a question. For details, see
a story I wrote for the <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2010/mar/01/kitsap-man-puts-a-critical-eye-on-copper/">
Kitsap Sun in March of 2010.</a></p>
<p>As for the latest study released yesterday, some additional
focused research and debate may be needed before further actions
can be taken.</p>
<p>For example, questions are raised about the total amount of
toxic metals leached from roofing materials, including common
asphalt shingles. Copper, cadmium, lead and zinc are listed as
contaminants along with diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP).</p>
<p>As suggested by the report, direct studies of roofs in the Puget
Sound region could help determine the potential harm of various
roofing materials and suggest whether bans or advisories are
appropriate.</p>
<p>The amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) coming
from creosote-treated wood was something of a surprise in the
report. If anything, the findings tend to support the ongoing
effort by the Department of Natural Resources, which has been
removing creosote pilings from shorelines. Further studies might
help to focus removal efforts in areas most sensitive to creosote
compounds.</p>
<p>The latest report, which includes discussions about the
uncertainties, is called <a href=
"http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/1103055.html">“Assessment of Selected
Toxic Chemicals in the Puget Sound Basin, 2007-2011.”</a> You may
also wish to review all the toxics work to date on Ecology’s
webpage called <a href=
"http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/pstoxics/index.html">“Control of
Toxic Chemicals in Puget Sound.”</a></p>
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		<title>New Zealand faces its worst-ever oil spill</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/10/12/new-zealand-faces-its-worst-ever-oil-spill/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/10/12/new-zealand-faces-its-worst-ever-oil-spill/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Oct 2011 20:22:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Birds, wildlife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Boaters, shippers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Business and industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oceans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shellfish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forest and Bird]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Zealand]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Zealand oil spill]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nick Smith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[oil spill]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tauranga]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tauranga,Bay of Plenty,New Zealand]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9345</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[New Zealand’s environment minister, Nick Smith, is now calling an oil spill resulting from a grounded cargo ship “New Zealand’s most significant maritime environmental disaster.” Smith made the comments Monday in Tauranga, where near-pristine beaches are becoming fouled with oil. “It is my view that the tragic events we are seeing unfolding were absolutely inevitable [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>New Zealand’s environment minister, Nick Smith, is now calling
an oil spill resulting from a grounded cargo ship “New Zealand’s
most significant maritime environmental disaster.”</p>
<p>Smith made the comments Monday in Tauranga, where near-pristine
beaches are becoming fouled with oil.</p>
<p>“It is my view that the tragic events we are seeing unfolding
were absolutely inevitable from the point that the Rena ran onto
the reef in the early hours of Wednesday morning,” Smith is quoted
as saying in <a href=
"http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia-pacific/2011/10/2011101115038189160.html">
Aljazeera.</a></p>
<p>Al Fleming of Forest and Bird, New Zealand’s largest independent
conservation group, has mobilized volunteers to search for oiled
wildlife.</p>
<p>“We are faced with a potential disaster along our coastline, and
many bird species are currently breeding,” said Fleming in a
<a href=
"http://www.forestandbird.org.nz/what-we-do/publications/media-release/volunteers-comb-bay-plenty-coast-oil-spill-victims">
news release.</a> “The news that the oil spill is getting much
worse is a huge worry.”</p>
<p>The organization estimates that 10,000 grey-faced petrels are
breeding on nearby islands, along with thousands of diving petrels,
white-faced storm petrels and fluttering shearwaters.</p>
<p>Up to 300 little blue penguins are estimated to be living along
the coast in the vicinity of the oil spill. Seven of the penguins
were among the birds fouled by oil and brought in for
rehabilitation.</p>
<p>Spring tides and storm surges could bring oil-laden water up
high on the beaches, where New Zealand dotterels, oystercatchers,
white-fronted terns and other shore birds are beginning to nest on
sandy beaches just above the high-tide mark, the group says.</p>
<p>Migratory birds such as the godwits and red knots are returning
to New Zealand from the Northern Hemisphere and arriving in
Tauranga and other estuaries along the Bay of Plenty coast.</p>
<p>Whales and dolphins are known to be in the area, and a blue
whale and calf were spotted about a week ago. Fur seals are molting
on headlands and beaches throughout the region.</p>
<p>Mussels, crabs, and skinks are plentiful on the beaches. </p>
<p>“Without quick action,” said Fleming, “the oil will blanket our
filter feeding marine life which are not only important water
filters but also crucial in the diets of many animals. Eventually
the oil will accumulate throughout the food web.</p>
<p>In this video by the <a href=
"http://www.nzherald.co.nz/national/news/video.cfm?c_id=1503075&amp;gal_cid=1503075&amp;gallery_id=122092">
New Zealand Herald,</a> Greg Gay of Portland, Ore., joins local
residents in cleaning up a beach near Tauranga.</p>
<p>The latest news is that containers from the ship have fallen
into the sea, broken up and their contents — including freeze-dried
foods — are washing up on nearby beaches.</p>
<p>“A crack running around the ship’s hull was steadily widening in
heavy seas, and officials believed it was only a matter of time
before the vessel split in two,” reports a team of reporters from
the <a href=
"http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&amp;objectid=10758672">
New Zealand Herald.</a></p>
<p>“Three tug boats were waiting either to hold the stern on the
reef as authorities try to remove oil from the Rena’s fuel tanks or
to tow the stern to shallow water.”</p>
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		<title>You, too, can observe oxygen changes in Hood Canal</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/10/05/you-too-can-observe-oxygen-changes-in-hood-canal/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/10/05/you-too-can-observe-oxygen-changes-in-hood-canal/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Oct 2011 21:35:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Fish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Red tide, algae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dan Hannifious]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal oxygen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement Group]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hoodsport]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hypoxia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jan Newton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oxygen]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9293</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I’m becoming something of a nerd when it comes to oxygen levels in southern Hood Canal. I’m sure it stems from the realization that we now have the technology to predict when fish will react to low-oxygen conditions by swimming to the surface, acting sluggish and sometimes dying. In a story published in Monday’s Kitsap [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I’m becoming something of a nerd when it comes to oxygen levels
in southern Hood Canal. I’m sure it stems from the realization that
we now have the technology to predict when fish will react to
low-oxygen conditions by swimming to the surface, acting sluggish
and sometimes dying.</p>
<div id="attachment_9307" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 310px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/10/wolf-eel.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/10/wolf-eel-300x209.jpg"
alt="" title="wolf eel" width="300" height="209" class=
"size-medium wp-image-9307"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>Wolf eels at Sund Rocks in Hood
Canal are disturbed by low-oxygen conditions.</em><br>
<small>Photo courtesy of Pat Lynch</small></p>
</div>
<p>In a story published in <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/oct/02/fish-kills-no-longer-rare-event-in-hood-canal/">
Monday’s Kitsap Sun,</a> I took a step back from the immediate
low-oxygen conditions and discussed our knowledge of Hood Canal,
along with plans being formulated to address the low-oxygen
problem.</p>
<p>Low-oxygen conditions reared their ugly head during the last
week in September (<a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/27/watching-the-decline-of-oxygen-in-hood-canal/">Water
Ways, Sept. 27</a>). No major fish kills were reported before
things began to improve somewhat by Friday (<a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/30/oxygen-levels-improve-in-hood-canal-past-few-days/">Water
Ways, Sept. 30</a>).</p>
<p>I’m keeping my eye on the charts and graphs and noticed a couple
things that we can talk about. Compare the two oxygen profiles
below with an eye to the surface conditions at Hoodsport (blue
line) and deeper waters there below 40 meters.</p>
<div id="attachment_9259" class="wp-caption alignleft" style=
"width: 610px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/Profile.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/Profile.jpg"
alt="" title="Profile" width="600" class=
"size-full wp-image-9259"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>Oxygen profile from Sept.
30</em></p>
</div>
<div id="attachment_9298" class="wp-caption alignleft" style=
"width: 610px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/10/new-profile.jpg">
<img src=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/10/new-profile.jpg"
alt="" title="new profile" width="600" class=
"size-full wp-image-9298"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>Oxygen profile today (Oct.
5)</em></p>
</div>
<p>The first thing I noticed was that the top of the hypoxic layer
moved up from about 17 to 10 meters. That means if fish are
avoiding that low-oxygen water, they will also move up. As far as I
know, divers have not reported any observations to confirm or deny
that change. One explanation is that the heavy ocean layer at the
bottom is pushing up the entire water column. It also could mean
that the surface layer has grown thinner, such as when south winds
blow or north winds stop.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, the bottom of that middle hypoxic layer has moved up
from about 70 to 50 meters and the edge has smoothed. That is an
indication that the heavy ocean water, which contains more oxygen,
is mixing with the bottom of the hypoxic layer.</p>
<p>One may also notice that the deep water at Twanoh (turquoise
line) has become more oxygenated all the way through and is sharply
higher in oxygen at the bottom. Perhaps this is an indication that
the heavy ocean water has reached Twanoh and is mixing at the
bottom, while winds and tides mix the water at the top.</p>
<p>University of Washington oceanographer Jan Newton has noticed a
decline in the oxygen concentration in the middle layer at
Hoodsport. She raises the prospect that this could result, in part,
from low-oxygen water being pushed back from Lower Hood Canal by
the annual intrusion of heavy ocean water. It needs to be checked
further, she said.</p>
<p>I hope we get some diver observations this weekend or sooner. In
discussing the current conditions with Dan Hannifious of Hood Canal
Salmon Enhancement Group, we both wondered when deep-water fish
will move back to their normal depth. What would it take for them
to break through the middle low-oxygen layer to reach deeper water
that is higher in oxygen.</p>
<p>If you would like to become an armchair observer of these
conditions in Hood Canal, check out the graphs on the website of
the <a href="http://orca.ocean.washington.edu/recent02.png">Hood
Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program.</a> You’ll have to save old graphs
to compare them closely, although another graph on the <a href=
"http://www.nanoos.org/nvs/nvs.php?section=NVS-Assets">Nanoos
website</a> shows you changes in oxygen levels and other parameters
over time for selected depths. (Click on “Regions” then “Puget
Sound” and locate the Hoodsport buoy to find the graphs.)</p>
<p>Will the conditions in Hood Canal get better or worse this year?
I’ll let you know, but if you see something unusual, feel free to
post a comment here.</p>
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		<title>Oxygen levels improve in Hood Canal past few days</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/30/oxygen-levels-improve-in-hood-canal-past-few-days/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/30/oxygen-levels-improve-in-hood-canal-past-few-days/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Sep 2011 17:16:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Benthic organisms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Red tide, algae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dissolved oxygen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement Group]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hoodsport]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hypoxia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oxygen]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9258</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Fish and other sea creatures are finding some room to breathe in southern Hood Canal as higher oxygen levels have returned to the upper portion of the waterway after things looked pretty bleak on Monday. See Water Ways post. I reported yesterday that fish could safely go down to 60 feet in a story posted [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Fish and other sea creatures are finding some room to breathe in
southern Hood Canal as higher oxygen levels have returned to the
upper portion of the waterway after things looked pretty bleak on
Monday. See <a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/27/watching-the-decline-of-oxygen-in-hood-canal/">
Water Ways post.</a></p>
<p>I reported yesterday that fish could safely go down to 60 feet
in a story posted on the <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/sep/29/oxygen-conditions-improve-in-hood-canal/">
Kitsap Sun website,</a> but conditions are changing all the time.
Now it looks like the cutoff depth is closer to 50 feet, while
waters closer to the surface appear to be more oxygenated than
yesterday.</p>
<p>I discussed the situation with Dan Hannifious of the Hood Canal
Salmon Enhancement Group and included some of Dan’s comments in the
story. Rather than repeat those comments here, I’ll let you
<a href="http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/sep/29/oxygen-conditions-improve-in-hood-canal/">
click on the story.</a></p>
<p>What I did want to share are a couple graphs that show current
conditions as of 9:30 this morning. Most of the real-time analysis
comes from monitoring buoys in Hood Canal.</p>
<div id="attachment_9259" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style=
"width: 610px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/Profile.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/Profile.jpg"
alt="" title="Profile" width="600" class=
"size-full wp-image-9259"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>This is a profile of the oxygen
levels from the surface down to the bottom of Hood Canal, or close
to it. The blue line is for the Hoodsport buoy, turquoise for
Twanoh and green for Dabob Bay. The black line is for Carr Inlet in
South Puget Sound and purple is Point Wells near Edmonds.
Biological "stress" occurs at less than 5 milligrams per liter,
while "hypoxia" is shown at 2 mg/l. At Hoodsport, if fish go below
about 18 meters, they will be in hypoxic conditions. Earlier this
week, these condition were seen at the surface.</em><br>
<small>Data from the Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen
Program.</small></p>
</div>
<div id="attachment_9267" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style=
"width: 610px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/time.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/time.jpg"
alt="" title="time" width="600" class=
"size-full wp-image-9267"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>This graph shows changes over time.
While conditions have gotten better near the surface (blue line),
it doesn't show much change at 66 feet (green line). As we can see
in the previous graph, the changes are occurring in shallower water
and will take time to reach this depth. The red line shows the
intrusion of heavy seawater containing more oxygen. When comparing,
remember one graph uses meters, the other feet.</em><br>
<small>Data compiled by the Integrated Ocean Observing
System</small></p>
</div>
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		<title>Watching the decline of oxygen in Hood Canal</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/27/watching-the-decline-of-oxygen-in-hood-canal/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/09/27/watching-the-decline-of-oxygen-in-hood-canal/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 Sep 2011 20:25:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Benthic organisms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plankton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Red tide, algae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hood Canal dissolved oxygen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hoodsport]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oxygen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[plankton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Hood Canal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sund Rock]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=9240</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Southern Hood Canal is back to its dirty tricks again, as dissolved oxygen concentrations have dropped to dangerous levels even at the surface. Numerous researchers are watching to see how these conditions play out. The mechanism that causes the oxygen to decline is a little complicated, but it’s pretty well understood. It involves nitrogen, sunlight, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Southern Hood Canal is back to its dirty tricks again, as
dissolved oxygen concentrations have dropped to dangerous levels
even at the surface. Numerous researchers are watching to see how
these conditions play out.</p>
<div id="attachment_9242" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 310px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/octopus.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/octopus-300x225.jpg"
alt="" title="octopus" width="300" height="225" class=
"size-medium wp-image-9242"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>A giant Pacific octopus, which
should be hiding, clings to a rock wall Saturday at Sund Rocks
Marine Preserve.</em><br>
<small>Photo by Pat Lynch</small></p>
</div>
<p>The mechanism that causes the oxygen to decline is a little
complicated, but it’s pretty well understood. It involves nitrogen,
sunlight, plankton, heavy sea water and south winds. See the story
I wrote for <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/sep/26/creatures-stressed-in-hood-canal-fish-kill/">
today’s Kitsap Sun</a> for a brief explanation, or check out a
<a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/apr/12/study-confirms-septic-systems-as-prime-suspect/">
story from April 12,</a> when I described findings from a
scientific panel about the sources of nitrogen in the canal.</p>
<p>The graph below shows the oxygen levels at three depths near
Hoodsport. As you can see from the blue line, oxygen levels near
the surface declined rapidly over the past five days, a period when
winds blew out of the south. Levels below 2.5 milligrams per liter
are considered highly stressful for sea life.</p>
<p>At Hoodsport, oxygen levels rose at the 10-foot mark starting
about midday yesterday. They declined again this morning, starting
after midnight. Being close to the surface, oxygen levels in these
waters are greatly influenced by winds and waves.</p>
<p>Waters at 66 feet deep stayed low in oxygen but fairly stable,
as shown by the green line. Fish tend to swim into shallow waters
to avoid those low-oxygen levels. A huge mass of low-oxygen water
lies in this mid-range area.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, the low-oxygen waters in the middle layers are being
pushed upward by heavy seawater coming in from the ocean. That deep
ocean water contains more oxygen than the layer above it, as shown
by the red line.<br>
<a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/Oxygen-9-27.jpg">
<img src=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/09/Oxygen-9-27.jpg"
alt="" title="Oxygen 9-27" width="600" class=
"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9243"></a></p>
<p>To follow these changes in close to real time, go to the
<a href="http://www.nanoos.org/nvs/nvs.php">Nanoos website</a> and
click on “Click here to view all assets” then on “regions” in the
left column and “Puget Sound.” You can get information from most of
these buoys. Hoodsport is the closest to the action in southern
Hood Canal.</p>
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		<title>Following the money into raw sewage overflows</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/07/31/following-the-money-into-raw-sewage-overflows/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/07/31/following-the-money-into-raw-sewage-overflows/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Aug 2011 01:08:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Planning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shellfish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stormwater]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[combined sewer overflows]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Protection Agency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[King County Natural Resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Puget Sound Partnership]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Washington Department of Ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water pollution]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=8871</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Water-quality leaders in the Washington Department of Ecology and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were quick to respond yesterday to a Seattle Times’ story, which begins: “Seattle and King County are poised to spend more than $1.3 billion of ratepayer money on pollution-cleanup programs that won’t even move the water-quality needle in Puget Sound.” Yesterday’s story, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Water-quality leaders in the Washington Department of Ecology
and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were quick to respond
yesterday to a <a href=
"http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2015778941_overflows31m.html">
Seattle Times’ story,</a> which begins:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“Seattle and King County are poised to spend more than $1.3
billion of ratepayer money on pollution-cleanup programs that won’t
even move the water-quality needle in Puget Sound.”</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Yesterday’s story, by reporter Linda Mapes, is about combined
sewage overflows — something that Bremerton knows a little about,
having completed a cleanup program after 20 years and $50 million
in expenditures. See my story from <a href=
"http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2011/may/30/bremerton-completes-combined-sewage-program/">
May 30 in the Kitsap Sun.<br></a></p>
<p>The premise of Linda’s story is that it might be better for
local governments to focus on reducing stormwater overall rather
trying to meet a 1988 state pollution standard focused on raw
sewage discharges. After all, the reasoning goes, stormwater
containing toxic chemicals may be worse for Puget Sound than
stormwater mixed with sewage.</p>
<p>The state requirement, by the way, limits discharges of raw
sewage in stormwater to one overflow per year, on average, for each
outfall pipe.</p>
<p>There is plenty of room for disagreement, as the Times’ story
points out. Christie True, director of King County Natural
Resources and Parks, stresses that upcoming CSO projects will
reduce the public’s exposure to untreated sewage. But Larry
Phillips, a member of the King County Council, says dollars spent
on CSO projects can’t be spent on buying habitat or attacking the
surface-runoff problem, which the Puget Sound Partnership has
deemed the region’s top priority.</p>
<p>Bill Ruckelshaus, the first administrator of the EPA and former
chairman of the Puget Sound Partnership’s Leadership Council, was
quoted as saying:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“This is just crazy; we don’t have unlimited funds in this
country, and whatever we do, we ought to spend where we get the
most bang for the buck … Cost-benefit has not been part of the
discussion.”</p>
</blockquote>
<p>David Dicks, former executive director of the partnership and
now a member of the Leadership Council, said this:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“It’s just momentum. And what you learn in these things is you
can go in and scream and yell and be a revolutionary for a while,
but the institutional momentum of these laws has a lot of power,
and it is just dumb power. … What we need to do is turn off the
autopilot and see what makes sense here.”</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Ecology and EPA officials took a stand in favor of the existing
rules for reducing sewage discharges. Both issued quick responses
to the Seattle Times article, writing on a blog called <a href=
"http://ecologywa.blogspot.com/2011/07/combined-sewer-overflow-programs.html">
ECOconnect</a></p>
<p>From Kelly Susewind, manager of Ecology’s Water Quality
Program:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“Infrastructure investments are needed to address water
pollution caused by both CSO and stormwater discharges. In areas
served by combined systems, CSO projects provide solutions to both
CSO and stormwater pollution.</p>
<p>“The investments ratepayers make in their communities’ CSO
programs protect public health and Washington’s waters, two
principal missions of sewer and stormwater utilities. The success
of these projects advances the goals of our state and federal laws
to protect, clean up and preserve our waters for present and future
generations.”</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Adds Dennis McLerran, EPA’s regional administrator:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“Discharging large amounts of raw sewage to Puget Sound and Lake
Washington is simply not acceptable. That’s why EPA has worked
closely with the state, King County and Seattle over many years to
address sewage treatment and the ongoing problem of Combined Sewer
Overflow (CSO) pollution. With that work nearly completed, now is
not the time to lose our resolve to finish the job visionary
leaders in the Puget Sound region started some 40 years ago.”</p>
</blockquote>
<div id="attachment_8877" class="wp-caption alignright" style=
"width: 310px"><a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/07/Overflows.jpg"><img src="http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/files/2011/07/Overflows-300x185.jpg"
alt="" title="Overflows" width="300" height="185" class=
"size-medium wp-image-8877"></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text"><em>Cost versus benefits for Bremerton
CSO project (click to enlarge)</em><br>
<small>Kitsap Sun graphic</small></p>
</div>
<p>Shellfish were not mentioned in this discussion — maybe because
it was focused on Seattle and King County, where industrial
pollution is a major problem. In Kitsap County, shellfish are worth
millions of dollars a year to the local and regional economy. For
Dyes Inlet, the reopening of shellfish beds probably would not have
happened except for a lawsuit that forced the city of Bremerton to
comply with the federal Clean Water Act on a strict time
schedule.</p>
<p>Lisa Stiffler, former PI reporter who now works for Sightline
Institute, discussed Bremerton’s accomplishment with a focus on the
cost. See “How Bremerton cleaned its waters, and came to wonder
about the costs” in the online publication <a href=
"http://crosscut.com/2011/07/26/puget-sound/21136/How-Bremerton-cleaned-its-waters%2C-and-came-to-wonder-about-the-costs/">
Crosscut.</a></p>
<p>A case can be made that shellfish beds in Dyes Inlet could have
been cleaned up enough to be reopened by spending just the first
$33 million, thereby saving the extra $17 million that it took to
bring the city into full compliance with federal law.</p>
<p>But state and county health officials have told me on many
occasions that Bremerton and Kitsap County, along with local
residents, must continue to work hard to keep the Dyes Inlet
shellfish beds open. Beaches in the inlet remain on the verge of
closure again, and population growth tends to exacerbate the
bacterial pollution.</p>
<p>Kitsap County Health District is respected for its monitoring
and pollution-fighting program, but it does help to know that
release of raw sewage into the inlet has become a very rare
event.</p>
<p>Lisa makes a good point when she says Bremerton would have saved
money if engineers would have known more about low-impact
development during the planning for CSO reductions. Infiltrating
rain water near the source (preferably before it runs off the
property) reduces the need to deal with stormwater flowing through
pipes. Keeping stormwater out of sewer lines by using LID
techniques effectively allows the pipes to carry all the sewage to
the treatment plants, even during heavy rains.</p>
<p>Bremerton has become a leader in LID. If city officials had
known 20 years ago what they know today, they probably would have
spent more on pervious pavement and rain gardens and less on
expensive piping networks. But it appears they did their best with
the knowledge they had — and LID has become a major part of ongoing
efforts to address stormwater.</p>
<p>Cities still working on CSO problems may find Bremerton’s
experience helpful. Keeping stormwater out of pipes is proving
effective, whether or not those pipes also contain sewage.</p>
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		<title>Amusing Monday: Bowser and Blue all over again</title>
		<link>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/07/11/amusing-monday-bowser-and-blue-all-over-again/</link>
		<comments>http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2011/07/11/amusing-monday-bowser-and-blue-all-over-again/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Jul 2011 13:00:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>cdunagan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Humor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pollution and spills]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bowser and Blue]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BP]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entertainment_Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[funny songs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gulf of Mexico]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/?p=8777</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I’m on vacation this week, so I’m falling back to some of my early entries for Amusing Monday. I found an old entry for Bowser and Blue, a couple of funny Canadians who are getting older yet continue to write songs and make fools of themselves, as they’ve been doing for more than 30 years. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I’m on vacation this week, so I’m falling back to some of my
early entries for Amusing Monday. I found an old entry for Bowser
and Blue, a couple of funny Canadians who are getting older yet
continue to write songs and make fools of themselves, as they’ve
been doing for more than 30 years.</p>
<p><iframe align="right" width="425" height="349" src=
"http://www.youtube.com/embed/rJDlmgNQUNw" frameborder="0"
allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p>
<p>I featured their song <a href=
"http://youtu.be/-D9Dkpt-F_M">“Halifax Harbour”</a> in <a href=
"http://pugetsoundblogs.com/waterways/2008/11/24/amusing-monday-its-about-time-for-some-music/">
Water Ways on Nov. 24, 2008.</a> This time, I’ve added a new song
(in the video player at right) called the “BP Song.” They’re
singing about an oil spill that occurred in the Gulf of Mexico.</p>
<p>Their <a href=
"http://www.bowserandblue.com/you-tube-all.php">Bowser and Blue
Webpage</a> includes many more songs of all kinds. But the advance
warning still stands: Some of their videos are irreverent,
off-color and even medically oriented to the point of going places
you never want to go — as in <a href=
"http://www.bowserandblue.com/you-tube-play.php?id=28349">“Colon is
a Mighty Big River.”</a></p>
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