The in basket: Retired orthopedic surgeon Larry Iversen noted
the recent Road Warrior column on the reason for speed humps and
suggested a modification.
“I understand that the idea of speed humps is to discourage
drivers from exceeding the speed limit,” he wrote, “but why punish
those of us who drive the speed limit with a jolt that aggravates
the pinched nerve in my neck, even when I am traveling the speed
limit?
“There must be a civil engineer smart enough to design humps
that are comfortable to cross at the posted legal speed, but will
create an uncomfortable ‘jolt’ at higher speeds, such as 10 mph
higher.”
The out basket: Jeff Shea, traffic engineer for Kitsap County,
and Jerry Hauth, street engineer for Bremerton, replied to Larry’s
suggestion,
“One of the biggest challenges with speed humps or tables is
that all drivers, law abiding and not, must traverse these traffic
control devices,” Jeff said. “Because of this, under our local
streets traffic-calming program we require approval of 70 percent
of the affected motorists before installing them. “The size and
shape of the speed humps are designed to slow traffic well below
the speed limit so speeds between the devices are close to the
posted speed limit. If the speed humps were designed for the
posted speed, chances are we would still see the high speeds
between them.
“Design of these devices is a tricky task,” he said. “The
first variable would be the motorist. Who would be the average
driver or lowest common denominator for the design; a healthy young
individual, or an older individual with back problems?
“The other variable would be the vehicle; many suspension
systems are different with more or less tolerance for bumps than
others. Picking an average or less than average for the
design would be a challenge to ensure the hump was traversable by
most motorists, but not too traversable to allow too high of
speeds.
“There are the three basic configurations; speed bumps, speed
humps, and speed tables. Speed bumps are very abrupt and
normally found in parking lots. They are constructed to get
motorists below 5 mph. Speed humps, usually 3 inches high by
about 12 feet long, are comfortably traversed by a majority of
motorists at a speed of about 10 mph and tables, usually 3 inches
high by 22 feet long, are designed for about 15 mph.
“Because of that, and for safety and liability concerns, Kitsap
County constructs accepted industry-standard speed hump
profiles. County speed humps are built to Institute of
Transportation Engineer’s standards.
“The county builds speed humps using asphalt. So even
though we try to meet ITE standards there is always some minor
variance in the dimensions. This is due to the forming and
compaction characteristics of asphalt. It is difficult to get
exact dimensions with asphalt.”
Jerry said, “Most ( if not all) of the engineers that I have
interacted with over the years have not been big advocates of speed
humps for numerous reasons. You may want to ask emergency
responders what they think about them.
“The initial speed bumps caused a radical bounce, which made
them acceptable for a parking lot, where a vehicle should be going
very slowly, but not on roads. The more recent introduction of
speed humps and tables was intended for low volume, relatively flat
roads, with the expectation of setting up a rocking effect in the
vehicles that people find very unpleasant and be forced to slow
down. However, the general effect typically is you almost need to
crawl over them in order to not destroy your vehicle or your
body.
“The answer to the doctor’s question is that sadly we civil
engineers have not come up with a design for these that can
effectively slow the vehicles down, without the dramatic impacts to
both vehicle and occupant.”