In covering the Suquamish same-sex marriage
story, there were a few conversations that happened
after deadline had passed. The story itself appears to be more of
symbolic value than anything practical for now, because we haven’t
heard of anyone banging down the doors of the tribe’s offices to
actually get married.
Even Heather Purser said she just wants that option should she
choose to get married later.
Where the story takes on some importance that could matter later
is its place in the same-sex marriage movement generally and
specifically among Indian tribes.
Brian Gilley, associate professor of
anthropology at Indiana University, said the Suquamish Tribe is
probably only the second federally recognized tribe to recognize
same-sex marriage.
Some of the news that spread Tuesday was that most tribes don’t
address it. That might be true, but a large number of tribes have
actually passed measures similar to the federal government’s
Defense of Marriage Act. That act doesn’t outright ban same-sex
marriage, but it defines marriage as between one man and one
woman.
The Suquamish Tribe’s willingness to take a different path than
tribes nationally is in line with what tribes in the Pacific
Northwest do, Gilley said. “It’s just sort of been their history to
be different than the rest of Indian country,” he said.
Part of that, he said, is because the stakes are different for
them here than they are in other parts of the country. The culture
that surrounds the tribe and the possible consequences are
different in Washington than they are, say, in Oklahoma.
The issue was huge within the Cherokee nation when two women
received an application for a marriage license and were actually
married, but then the tribe denied them the opportunity to actually
register their marriage certificate. During that time is when
Indian Tribes across the country created their DOMA-like
standards.
Gilley figures largely in a story published on the
Indian Country Media Network website. The writer says gay couples
were not uncommon within tribes until Indians began adopting
religious principles taught (or demanded of) them by the white
people.
Leonard Forsman, Suquamish tribal chairman, said the issue that
reached finality Monday wasn’t that big a deal. He confirmed
Purser’s recollection that there was no opposition. That the
ordinance change proceeded slowly was more a fact that other issues
took precedence, not that there were any real naysayers.
“We had an existing marriage ordinance under code. It had to be
updated. We’ve got a lot of ordinances that need updating,” he
said.
Forsman said he hasn’t seen much written and there isn’t much
oral history about same-sex couples in Suquamish history. That
seems to be the case in other tribes, that there isn’t much
institutional memory of same-sex couples, but backers of a
“two-spirit” movement contend they had their role within the
community. That fact that there may not be much tradition or oral
passed along could be because tribes didn’t see it as a big deal
until their new religious beliefs cast negative light on them.
Forsman said that might be why there isn’t much said in
Suquamish history. “I think that tells us that it was not anything
that was extremely abnormal or judged in the past,” he said.
One question that remains is whether a marriage of a gay couple
will, in fact, be recognized in Washington. The state doesn’t marry
same-sex couples, but it recognizes those marriages performed
elsewhere. The question then becomes whether Suquamish, in this
case, is “elsewhere.” It will take someone actually getting the
Suquamish marriage to test that out.